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User's Guide
SLOU310September 2011
TPA2025D1 Audio Power Amplifier Evaluation Module
This document describes the operation of the TPA2025D1 evaluation module that users may use to
evaluate the TPA2025D1 Audio Power Amplifier. Included are the TPA2025D1EVM schematic, board art,
and bill of materials.
Contents
1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 Description .......................................................................................................... 1
1.2 TPA2025D1 Specifications ....................................................................................... 2
2 Operation ..................................................................................................................... 2
2.1 Quick-Start List for Stand-Alone Operation ..................................................................... 2
2.2 Boost Settings ...................................................................................................... 3
2.3 Power Up ............................................................................................................ 4
3 Reference .................................................................................................................... 5
3.1 TPA2025D1EVM Schematic ...................................................................................... 5
3.2 TPA2025D1EVM PCB Layers .................................................................................... 6
3.3 TPA2025D1EVM Bill of Materials ................................................................................ 9
List of Figures
1 TPA2025D1EVM Schematic............................................................................................... 5
2 EVM Assembly Layer....................................................................................................... 6
3 EVM Top Layer.............................................................................................................. 6
4 EVM Layer 2................................................................................................................. 7
5 EVM Layer 3................................................................................................................. 7
6 EVM Bottom Layer.......................................................................................................... 8
List of Tables
1 TPA2025D1EVM Bill of Materials......................................................................................... 9
1 Introduction
This section provides an overview of the Texas Instruments (TI) TPA2025D1 audio power amplifier
evaluation module (EVM). It includes a brief description of the module and a list of specifications.
1.1 Description
The TPA2025D1 is a high-efficiency, class-D, audio power amplifier and an integrated boost converter. It
drives up to 2 W into a 4- speaker from low supply voltages.
The TPA2025D1 audio power amplifier EVM is a complete, stand-alone audio amplifier. It contains the
TPA2025D1 WCSP (YZG) Class-D audio power amplifier with an integrated boost converter. All
components and the EVM are Pb-Free.
1
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Operation
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1.2 TPA2025D1 Specifications
V
BAT
Supply voltage range 2.5 V to 5.2 V
I
DD
Supply current 3 A Maximum
P
O
Continuous output power per channel, 4 , V
BAT
= 3.6 V 2 W
V
I
Audio input voltage 0 V to V
BAT
R
L
Minimum load impedance 4
2 Operation
This section describes how to operate the TPA2025D1EVM.
2.1 Quick-Start List for Stand-Alone Operation
Use the following steps when operating the TPA2025D1EVM as a stand-alone or when connecting the
EVM into existing circuits or equipment.
2.1.1 Power and Ground
1. Ensure the external power sources are set to OFF.
2. Set the power supply voltage between 2.3 V and 5.2 V. When connecting the power supply to the
EVM, attach the power supply ground connection to the GND connector first, and then connect the
positive supply to the VDD connector. Verify that correct connections are made to the banana jacks.
2.1.2 Audio
1. Ensure that the audio source is set to the minimum level.
2. Connect the audio source to the input RCA jack IN. In case of differential audio input, ensure that the
jumper, JP SE, is not inserted. In case of a single-ended audio input, ensure that the jumper, JP SE, is
inserted, thereby grounding IN+ through the input capacitor C2.
3. Connect a speaker (4 to 32 ) to the output banana jacks, OUT+ and OUT.
4. FLT Out+ and FLT OUT- test points allow the user to connect the outputs of the amplfier through an
RC filter for audio measurements. (Many audio analyzers will not give the correct readings on a
Class-D amplifier without additional filtering.) Note that the user must provide the necessary resistors,
R7 and R8 to complete the filters. The typical value for R7 and R8 is 1.0 kΩ.
5. The filtered output of the TPA2025D1 can be measured between test points FILT OUT and FILT
OUT+
2.1.3 AGC Control
The TPA2025D1 has three selectable inflection point settings: 3.25 V, 3.55 V, and 3.75 V.
1. Remove the jumper, AGC, to select the 3.25-V inflection point (AGC1).
2. Install the jumper, AGC, between pins 2 and 3 to select the 3.55-V inflection point (AGC2).
3. Install the jumper, AGC, between pins 1 and 2 to select the 3.75-V inflection point (AGC3).
2.1.4 Amplifier Gain
The TPA2025D1 has a fixed setting of 20 dB.
2.1.5 Shutdown Controls
1. The TPA2025D1 provides shutdown control for the Class-D amplifier and the boost converter. The EN
pin enables the boost converter and Class-D amplifier. It is active high.
2. Press and hold pushbutton S1 to place the boost converter and the Class-D amplifier in shutdown.
Release pushbutton S1 to activate the Class-D amplifier and boost converter. The boost converter only
turns on if an audio signal (> 2 V
PEAK
) is present at one of the outputs (OUT+ or OUT-).
2
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L PVDD
PVDD
I = I
VBAT 0.8
æ ö
´
ç ÷
´
è ø
L BOOST
VBAT (PVDD VBAT)
L =
ΔI PVDD
´ -
´ ´f
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Operation
NOTE: The TPA2025D1 has an auto pass-through mode. Under normal operation (EN = HIGH), the
boost converter automatically turns off if no audio signal is present at one of the inputs (IN+
or IN-).
2.2 Boost Settings
The default voltage for the boost converter is 5.9 V (unloaded) and cannot be changed. If no audio signal
is present, the boost converter is automatically disabled. Once the audio signal is present at IN+ and IN-,
the boost converter enables automatically, when the output signal exceeds 2 V
PEAK
.
2.2.1 Boost Terms
The following is a list of terms and definitions:
C
MIN
Minimum boost capacitance required for a given ripple voltage on PVOUT (PVDD)
L Boost inductor
f
boost
Switching frequency of the boost converter
I
PVDD
Current pulled by the class-D amplifier from the boost converter
I
PVDD
Current pulled by the class-D amplifier from the boost converter
I
L
Current through the boost inductor.
PVDD (PVOUT) Supply voltage for the class-D amplifier (Voltage generated by the boost converter
output)
VBAT (VDD) Supply voltage to the TPA2025D1 (Supply voltage to the EVM).
ΔI
L
Ripple current through the inductor.
ΔV Ripple voltage on PVOUT (PVDD) due to capacitance
2.2.2 Changing the Boost Inductor
Working inductance decreases as inductor current increases. If the drop in working inductance is severe
enough, it may cause the boost converter to become unstable, or cause the TPA2025D1 to reach its
current limit at a lower output power than expected. Inductor vendors specify currents at which inductor
values decrease by a specific percentage. This can vary by 10% to 35%. Inductance is also affected by dc
current and temperature.
Inductor current rating is determined by the requirements of the load. The inductance is determined by two
factors: the minimum value required for stability and the maximum ripple current permitted in the
application.
Use Equation 1 to determine the required current rating. Equation 1 shows the approximate relationship
between the average inductor current, I
L
, to the load current, load voltage, and input voltage (I
PVDD
,
PVOUT, and VBAT, respectively.) Insert I
PVDD
, PVDD, and VBAT into Equation 1 to solve for I
L
. The
inductor must maintain at least 90% of its initial inductance value at this current.
(1)
The minimum working inductance is 1.3 μH. A lower value may cause instability.
Ripple current, ΔI
L
, is peak-to-peak variation in inductor current. Smaller ripple current reduces core losses
in the inductor as well as the potential for EMI. Use Equation 2 to determine the value of the inductor, L.
Equation 2 shows the relationships among inductance L, VBAT, PVDD, the switching frequency, f
boost
, and
ΔI
L
. Insert the maximum acceptable ripple current into Equation 2 to solve for L.
(2)
3
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