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ATMEGA48-20AU

Part # ATMEGA48-20AU
Description MCU 8BIT ATMEGA RISC 4KB FLASH 3.3V/5V 32TQFP - Trays
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Technical Document


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157
2545M–AVR–09/07
ATmega48/88/168
Notes: 1. MAX= 0xFF
2. BOTTOM= 0x00
17.11.2 TCCR2B – Timer/Counter Control Register B
Bit 7 – FOC2A: Force Output Compare A
The FOC2A bit is only active when the WGM bits specify a non-PWM mode.
However, for ensuring compatibility with future devices, this bit must be set to zero when
TCCR2B is written when operating in PWM mode. When writing a logical one to the FOC2A bit,
an immediate Compare Match is forced on the Waveform Generation unit. The OC2A output is
changed according to its COM2A1:0 bits setting. Note that the FOC2A bit is implemented as a
strobe. Therefore it is the value present in the COM2A1:0 bits that determines the effect of the
forced compare.
A FOC2A strobe will not generate any interrupt, nor will it clear the timer in CTC mode using
OCR2A as TOP.
The FOC2A bit is always read as zero.
Bit 6 – FOC2B: Force Output Compare B
The FOC2B bit is only active when the WGM bits specify a non-PWM mode.
However, for ensuring compatibility with future devices, this bit must be set to zero when
TCCR2B is written when operating in PWM mode. When writing a logical one to the FOC2B bit,
an immediate Compare Match is forced on the Waveform Generation unit. The OC2B output is
changed according to its COM2B1:0 bits setting. Note that the FOC2B bit is implemented as a
strobe. Therefore it is the value present in the COM2B1:0 bits that determines the effect of the
forced compare.
Table 17-8. Waveform Generation Mode Bit Description
Mode WGM2 WGM1 WGM0
Timer/Counter
Mode of
Operation TOP
Update of
OCRx at
TOV Flag
Set on
(1)(2)
0 0 0 0 Normal 0xFF Immediate MAX
10 0 1
PWM, Phase
Correct
0xFF TOP BOTTOM
2 0 1 0 CTC OCRA Immediate MAX
3 0 1 1 Fast PWM 0xFF BOTTOM MAX
4 1 0 0 Reserved
51 0 1
PWM, Phase
Correct
OCRA TOP BOTTOM
6 1 1 0 Reserved
71 1 1Fast PWM OCRABOTTOMTOP
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
(0xB1)
FOC2A FOC2B WGM22 CS22 CS21 CS20 TCCR2B
Read/Write W W R R R R R/W R/W
Initial Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
158
2545M–AVR–09/07
ATmega48/88/168
A FOC2B strobe will not generate any interrupt, nor will it clear the timer in CTC mode using
OCR2B as TOP.
The FOC2B bit is always read as zero.
Bits 5:4 – Res: Reserved Bits
These bits are reserved bits in the ATmega48/88/168 and will always read as zero.
Bit 3 – WGM22: Waveform Generation Mode
See the description in the “TCCR2A – Timer/Counter Control Register A” on page 154.
Bit 2:0 – CS22:0: Clock Select
The three Clock Select bits select the clock source to be used by the Timer/Counter, see Table
17-9.
If external pin modes are used for the Timer/Counter0, transitions on the T0 pin will clock the
counter even if the pin is configured as an output. This feature allows software control of the
counting.
17.11.3 TCNT2 – Timer/Counter Register
The Timer/Counter Register gives direct access, both for read and write operations, to the
Timer/Counter unit 8-bit counter. Writing to the TCNT2 Register blocks (removes) the Compare
Match on the following timer clock. Modifying the counter (TCNT2) while the counter is running,
introduces a risk of missing a Compare Match between TCNT2 and the OCR2x Registers.
17.11.4 OCR2A – Output Compare Register A
Table 17-9. Clock Select Bit Description
CS22 CS21 CS20 Description
0 0 0 No clock source (Timer/Counter stopped).
001clk
T2S
/(No prescaling)
010clk
T2S
/8 (From prescaler)
011clk
T2S
/32 (From prescaler)
100clk
T2S
/64 (From prescaler)
101clk
T2S
/128 (From prescaler)
110clk
T
2
S
/256 (From prescaler)
111clk
T
2
S
/1024 (From prescaler)
Bit 76543210
(0xB2) TCNT2[7:0] TCNT2
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Initial Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bit 76543210
(0xB3) OCR2A[7:0] OCR2A
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Initial Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
159
2545M–AVR–09/07
ATmega48/88/168
The Output Compare Register A contains an 8-bit value that is continuously compared with the
counter value (TCNT2). A match can be used to generate an Output Compare interrupt, or to
generate a waveform output on the OC2A pin.
17.11.5 OCR2B – Output Compare Register B
The Output Compare Register B contains an 8-bit value that is continuously compared with the
counter value (TCNT2). A match can be used to generate an Output Compare interrupt, or to
generate a waveform output on the OC2B pin.
17.11.6 TIMSK2 – Timer/Counter2
Interrupt Mask Register
Bit 2 – OCIE2B: Timer/Counter2 Output Compare Match B Interrupt Enable
When the OCIE2B bit is written to one and the I-bit in the Status Register is set (one), the
Timer/Counter2 Compare Match B interrupt is enabled. The corresponding interrupt is executed
if a compare match in Timer/Counter2 occurs, i.e., when the OCF2B bit is set in the
Timer/Counter 2 Interrupt Flag Register – TIFR2.
Bit 1 – OCIE2A: Timer/Counter2 Output Compare Match A Interrupt Enable
When the OCIE2A bit is written to one and the I-bit in the Status Register is set (one), the
Timer/Counter2 Compare Match A interrupt is enabled. The corresponding interrupt is executed
if a compare match in Timer/Counter2 occurs, i.e., when the OCF2A bit is set in the
Timer/Counter 2 Interrupt Flag Register – TIFR2.
Bit 0 – TOIE2: Timer/Counter2 Overflow Interrupt Enable
When the TOIE2 bit is written to one and the I-bit in the Status Register is set (one), the
Timer/Counter2 Overflow interrupt is enabled. The corresponding interrupt is executed if an
overflow in Timer/Counter2 occurs, i.e., when the TOV2 bit is set in the Timer/Counter2 Interrupt
Flag Register – TIFR2.
17.11.7 TIFR2 – Timer/Counter2 Interrupt Flag Register
Bit 2 – OCF2B: Output Compare Flag 2 B
The OCF2B bit is set (one) when a compare match occurs between the Timer/Counter2 and the
data in OCR2B – Output Compare Register2. OCF2B is cleared by hardware when executing
the corresponding interrupt handling vector. Alternatively, OCF2B is cleared by writing a logic
one to the flag. When the I-bit in SREG, OCIE2B (Timer/Counter2 Compare match Interrupt
Enable), and OCF2B are set (one), the Timer/Counter2 Compare match Interrupt is executed.
Bit 76543210
(0xB4) OCR2B[7:0] OCR2B
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Initial Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bit 76543 2 1 0
(0x70) –––––OCIE2BOCIE2ATOIE2TIMSK2
Read/Write RRRRR R/WR/WR/W
Initial Value 00000 0 0 0
Bit 76543210
0x17 (0x37) –––––OCF2BOCF2ATOV2TIFR2
Read/Write R R R R R R/W R/W R/W
Initial Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
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